A jump scare is a trick often used in horror movies and video games. It also happens in life. It aims to scare people by suddenly showing something shocking on screen along with a loud noise. Think of this scare as a surprise bomb that horror movies toss right into your nerves. It can explode instantly or sit there ticking before it goes off. Jump scares aren't loved by everyone, maybe because they appear simple, yet they can be skillfully done. The science behind jump scares is quite interesting, involving biology and psychology.

Scientists who enjoy studying how people get startled have a term for scaring their lab subjects: "Administering a startle probe." Despite the serious-sounding name, there's a hint of mischievousness to it. This habit of playfully startling others likely dates back thousands of years, making it a favorite activity for our ancestors and an important part of suspenseful storytelling.

Sound plays a vital role in jump scares. It's what mostly triggers the startle, and it's tough to avoid. Our brain reacts faster to sound than to sight, and it's harder to ignore a sound than an image.

The startle scare often includes both something you see and something you hear – like a sudden appearance of something unsettling. While the sound is what startles you, it's the visual part that tends to stay in your mind. You might not recall the exact sound, but the image can leave a lasting impression. Our brain handles sound and images differently, and images are usually more memorable. In a jump scare, the visual element is typically a monster, a killer, or something gross abruptly showing up.

The jump scare triggers what's known as the startle response, a natural reaction ingrained in human nature. This response is so deeply rooted that it's shared across various species. Ronald C. Simons, an anthropologist and expert on the startle response, notes that it's "universal in mammals, reptiles, birds, and amphibians." This response is like an automatic reaction to a sudden and strong stimulus. This stimulus can come through sight, sound, or touch. It might be something that unexpectedly appears in your vision, a sudden loud noise, or a touch on your neck when you thought you were alone in a dim basement. The startle response developed as a defense against sudden threats, activating the body swiftly when faced with danger.

Startling someone is easy because the mechanism reacts quickly for good reasons. It's like being scared – it often goes beyond what's needed because it's safer to react strongly (like jumping at shadows) than to not react to something dangerous (like ignoring a real threat).

Also, the startle response isn't something you can control with your thoughts. You can't turn it off or lessen it even if you expect it. If you've ever fired a loud gun, you know this. And if you've watched a scary movie more than once and still got scared at the same part, you've experienced it, too.

Optical illusions, on the other hand, can scare people because they play tricks on how we see things. They make us doubt what's real and sometimes see things that aren't there. This can make some people feel uneasy.

In the end, the most effective way to deal with jump scares and optical illusions might be to view them with an artistic and appreciative mindset. Consider them as a creative technique. If you're interested in seeing more optical illusion pictures that nearly scared the life out of people, take a look at our previous editions here and here.