Is your furry best friend suddenly shaking or acting out of the ordinary? Watching your beloved pet display strange behaviors can be incredibly unsettling as a dog owner. But don’t panic just yet—sometimes a little shiver or a quirky change in behavior is simply your dog being, well, a dog. However, it’s also possible that those shaking and weird behaviors could signal something more serious, such as poisoning or illness, reasons your dog may be shaking.

Determining the root cause of your dog’s sudden shaking or unusual behavior can be tricky, as shaking can also be a sign of various concerns. It may be due to temporary nervousness, an underlying health condition, or some other factor that needs to be identified. This article will explore potential reasons for your dog’s strange behavior and shaking. We’ll also guide you on when to seek veterinary attention.

Benign Causes of Shaking in Dogs

I see countless worried pet parents rushing in because their dog suddenly started shaking or acting unusually. Unusual tremors or behavioral changes can sometimes also indicate an underlying issue. But often, a dog’s odd behavior is nothing more than your furry friend experiencing the full range of doggie emotions or responding to their environment, though shaking can also signal stress or anxiety.

Here are some common reasons you might catch them shaking or acting weirdly.

Excitement and Happiness

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Dogs often express overwhelming joy and excitement through full-body wiggles, tremors, and sometimes even a loss of bladder control. These shakes are usually accompanied by signs that your dog is in pain, like a wagging tail, bright eyes, and playful behavior. Notice how your dog feels during these moments to gauge whether the shaking is causing concern.

Fear or Anxiety

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Unfortunately, our canine companions can get anxious just like we do. Fear is a natural response; many dogs tremble or shake in situations that make them feel anxious or threatened. Common causes include:

• Loud noises (thunderstorms, fireworks)
• Unfamiliar environments or people
• Separation anxiety
• Specific phobias (e.g., the vet clinic)

If your dog is fearful or anxious, providing them with a safe space to retreat can help them feel more secure. Working with a certified dog trainer might sometimes be necessary to address severe anxieties.

Cold

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Just like humans, dogs shiver to increase body temperature when cold. If your dog is shaking and it’s cold outside or in your home, warming them up (blanket, cuddles, warm place) should make the shaking subside.

Attention Seeking

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Some clever pups learn that shaking, whining, or acting strangely gets them attention from their owners. When your dog reacts concernedly and gets extra love when they shake, they may use the behavior to gain those responses. If you suspect your dog is using these behaviors to gain attention, consider changing your reactions when they happen, but remember, shaking can also be a sign of distress.

How to Tell If the Shivering is Normal

Here’s an excellent way to tell if your dog’s shaking is within the normal range.

• Shivering is short-lived. The shaking resolves once the trigger is removed (the excitement passes, the loud noise stops, and the dog warms up).
• It is accompanied by other typical dog behavior. Look for body language that matches the suspected emotion, such as wagging tails, licking, playful stance, etc.
• You see no other red flags: Normal appetite and energy levels and no other odd symptoms like (vomiting, disorientation, etc.).

Medical Reasons Why Your Dog is Shaking

Sadly, sometimes shaking and odd behavior can be a red flag that your pup isn’t feeling its best. Here are some of the medical conditions that could be a sign of these symptoms:

Pain

Dogs may shake or tremble when they are experiencing pain. This could be due to:

• Injuries (sprains, strains, fractures, internal injuries)
• Arthritis or other joint issues
• Dental problems
• Abdominal pain (pancreatitis, bloat, gastrointestinal issues)

Pain-related tremors and shaking often accompany other signs, such as limping, reluctance to move, whimpering, changes in posture, or aggression when touched. Seek medical attention if you suspect your dog is in pain.

Distemper

Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease primarily affecting puppies and unvaccinated dogs. This disease attacks a dog’s respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. Shaking, tremors, and seizures are potential symptoms, along with fever, nasal discharge, coughing, and vomiting. The best protection against distemper is through routine vaccinations.

Poisoning

Many substances are toxic to dogs, including chocolate, antifreeze, xylitol (artificial sweetener), grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, macadamia nuts, avocado, alcohol, human medications, cleaning products, insecticides, rodenticides, garden fertilizers, and certain plants can lead to shaking and should be considered as possible causes.

Ingestion of such toxins leads to tremors, shaking, and strange behavior. Poisoning is an emergency; immediate veterinary care is essential. Additional symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, disorientation, seizures, or collapse.

If you have reason to believe your dog has ingested something dangerous, don’t delay! Contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately and consult a vet if you notice your dog shaking unexpectedly, as it can be a sign of serious health issues.

Generalized Tremor Syndrome (GTS)

Also known as “shaker syndrome” or “white shaker dog syndrome,” this condition causes full-body tremors primarily in small dog breeds like Maltese and West Highland White Terriers, but it can occur in other dogs too. The exact cause is unknown, but it is potentially linked to inflammation of the cerebellum. Episodes of full-body shaking, usually beginning between 9 months and two years of age, cause your dog to shake uncontrollably. Treatment typically involves corticosteroids.

Neurological Disorders

Epilepsy, brain tumors, encephalitis, and other neurological issues like degenerative disorders and vestibular disease (affecting balance) can disrupt normal brain function and lead to seizures, tremors, unusual behavior, and disorientation.

Endocrine/Metabolic Issues

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This can be a sign of weakness, shaking, lethargy, and even collapse, especially in small-breed dogs.
• Addison’s disease (hypoadrenocorticism). This hormonal disorder can lead to shaking, weakness, vomiting, and diarrhea.
• Kidney disease. Severe kidney problems can cause tremors and neurological symptoms due to toxin buildup in the blood.

Important Note. Other concerning symptoms often accompany medical causes of shaking. Pay attention to changes in your dog’s appetite, thirst, energy level, bathroom habits, and other behavioral abnormalities, as these could be reasons why your dog may be shaking.

Other Potential Reasons for Dog Shaking

Sometimes, the reasons behind a dog’s shaking and odd behaviors are harder to pinpoint. Here are a couple of other factors to consider:

Old Age

Image credits: Mirko Fabian

Senior dogs may experience muscle weakness or develop tremors as a natural part of the aging process. Arthritis pain and cognitive decline can further contribute to strange behaviors or disorientation.

Medication Side Effects

Tremors can sometimes be an unfortunate side effect of medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. If this is a possibility, it’s essential to consult your veterinarian. Medications commonly implicated in tremors include certain steroids, some deworming medications, and even flea/tick preventatives.

Never discontinue a prescribed medication without first talking to your vet. They can help determine if the medication might be the cause and assess whether the benefits outweigh the side effects or if alternative treatments are available.

Never Underestimate the Power of Observation

You know your dog better than anyone, so trust your instincts! Here are some key questions to ask yourself: Is the shaking accompanied by any other symptoms? This could help identify reasons your dog may be shaking and how to help.

• Do the tremors only happen in certain situations?
• Are there other weird behaviors happening alongside the shaking?
• Is my dog eating, drinking, and having regular potty breaks?
• Is my dog still as playful and engaged as usual?

Noticing these details will be extra helpful when you update your veterinarian—they’ll be impressed by your careful observation!

How Vets Diagnose the Cause of Shivering

Your vet will carefully examine your furry friend, paying attention to areas like reflexes, movement, heart rate, temperature, and any signs of pain or discomfort. They will ask questions about your dog’s behavior when the shaking started, potential triggers, existing health conditions, medications, and any other recent changes in your dog’s life.

Depending on your dog’s symptoms and the suspected cause, your vet might recommend:

• Bloodwork: To assess organ function and blood sugar levels and look for signs of infection or inflammation.
• X-rays or imaging scans: To visualize potential injuries, internal abnormalities, or issues in the brain.
• Urine tests: To check for kidney function and other metabolic problems.
• Specific tests for certain conditions: Your vet may run tests for neurological disorders, endocrine issues, or toxin exposure if needed.

Treatment Options

Remember, successfully treating your dog’s condition depends on an accurate diagnosis. Here are some possible treatment strategies your veterinarian might recommend:

Pain Management

If pain is the culprit, your veterinarian will prescribe appropriate pain relief medications (NSAIDs, etc.) and address the source of the pain (injury treatment, dental care, or management of chronic conditions like arthritis).

Medication for Neurological Disorders

Conditions like epilepsy or other seizure disorders may require anticonvulsant medications for long-term management.

Treating Underlying Illnesses

• Distemper. Requires supportive care to manage symptoms and support the immune system.
• Endocrine disorders are possible causes of your dog’s shaking or unusual behavior. These may involve hormone replacement therapy or medication to manage blood sugar levels.
• Kidney disease. Treatment could include dietary changes, medication, and dialysis in severe cases.

Antidotes for Poisoning

In cases of toxin ingestion, prompt action is crucial. Your vet may induce vomiting, administer activated charcoal, provide specific antidotes, and give supportive care.

Behavioral Modification

For anxiety-based shaking or attention-seeking behaviors, try:

• Desensitization and counterconditioning. To help dogs cope with triggers.
• Positive reinforcement training. To teach alternative behaviors and reward calmness.
• Environment changes. Minimize stress and create a calm, predictable environment to help if your dog may be shaking due to anxiety.

FAQ

How do you calm a trembling dog at home?

First, figure out why your dog is shaking. If you think it’s a medical issue, always talk to your vet — they might suggest medications to help. If your dog is cold, keep them warm with jackets, boots, heated beds, and blankets.

If shaking is caused by anxiety, try calming treats, which can also be useful if your dog is shaking or acting weird suddenly, to help them relax. A safe hiding space and soothing pheromones. Always consult your veterinarian before giving your dog any medications or supplements.

Is my dog shaking or having a seizure?

Differentiating between shaking/trembling and a seizure is significant. Shaking/trembling is caused by fear, cold, or excitement. Your dog will likely be aware and responsive.

While seizures start from abnormal brain activity, look for loss of consciousness, stiffening, uncontrolled muscle movements (jerking/paddling), drooling, or loss of bladder/bowel control. Seizures require immediate veterinary attention.

What toxins cause tremors in dogs?

Many toxins can induce tremors in dogs; here are some common culprits.

• Xylitol. Found in sugar-free foods.
• Snail/Slug bait (metaldehyde) can also be a sign of poisoning if ingested by pets.
• Chocolate (incredibly dark chocolate)
• Prescription medications. Some human medications are toxic to dogs.
• Other potential toxins. Strychnine, plant toxins, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or pesticides, ethylene glycol, methylxanthines, and illicit drugs.

How long do dog tremors last?

The duration of tremors in dogs varies widely depending on the cause. They can last anywhere from a few minutes to hours. The severity of the condition and how quickly treatment is administered will play a role in the duration of the symptoms.

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