Dr. Castel pointed out to Bored Panda that scammers can target anyone.

"Everyone and anyone is susceptible to scams, especially when we are placed in vulnerable positions, are being rushed, worried, or in an emotional state. While there is a stereotype that older adults are most likely to be scammed, people of all ages, and levels of education, can be a victim of fraud and scam," he said that everyone can become a victim when they're vulnerable.

"Scammers know that people respond to social influences, especially to authority, and will use fear and friendliness to create a powerful situation that induces compliance," the UCLA psychology professor said.

According to Dr. Castel, anyone who is interacting with a scammer and planning on calling them out should be very careful. You might accidentally let slip some private information that they could then use to harm you in the future.

"In terms of trying to call out a scammer, you need to be careful how, when or why you would interact with scammers, as they often have access to your basic information, and talking to them more can make you a victim, especially if you share additional information about yourself," he warned.

"Scammers work with large volumes and databases, so often it is just a matter of time that someone is going to be caught in a scam. Some advice: Don’t answer the phone, don’t be rushed, don’t provide information, and don’t be afraid to hang up."

At the core of most of the advice that you’ll get about recognizing scams lie two ideas. First of all, it’s vital that you get an outsider’s perspective on any ‘one-time-only super-exclusive time-sensitive’ deal you’ve been offered. We know from personal experience how a shrewd neighbor or a perceptive family member can help vulnerable people avoid getting scammed.

And secondly, it’s important that you do a bit of research and stay up to date on current popular scams. Criminals are constantly evolving and changing their approaches. The best defense is knowing how they operate and what they might write or say to try and trick people. But above all, remember to trust your gut. If your intuition is sounding the alarm bells, there’s probably something very wrong.

It’s not just via calls, text messages, and social media DMs that con-artists ply their trade. Online marketplaces are also rife with scammers, and it takes a keen eye to separate the wheat from the chaff. During a previous in-depth interview, one of the moderators of the r/Scams subreddit shared their insights on this with Bored Panda.

"I think online shopping scams are different because you lose that layer of dealing with a real-life person. When you have a real person in front of you, a typical person will feel shame or guilt at the thought of taking advantage of a person. With the internet, you aren't dealing with a person, but a username and avatar. It is much easier to act maliciously when you don't have a real victim directly in front of you," the moderator explained that it’s far more difficult to lie to someone face-to-face.

"Online scams also use a lot of tricks to pressure buyers; low prices, pushes to buy now!, taking advantage of someone's kindness or naivete (re: advance check fraud, money mules, etc), or advertising one product and sending another (or nothing at all, by using a fake tracking number). Getting a person to make a decision via high-pressure tactics and preventing them from reflecting and making a sound decision is key," they told us how scammers tend to operate. It’s something to keep in mind the next time you spot a deal that might be too good to be true.

"If a deal is too good to be true, it is. If you see a pair of brand new Apple AirPods advertised for $50, you are not getting an authentic product. There are many counterfeit items out there on the market, and you need to verify authenticity before hitting buy," the r/Scams mod said that we shouldn’t fall prey to our greed and desire to save a bit of cash. The product you might be getting might be dangerous.

"Not only to avoid contributing to the counterfeit market, but because these knockoff products do not always go through the same safety standards of the real item; they may not be UL certified, they may use chemicals or ingredients that are not FDA approved and are unsafe for use on or in the human body, or could cause major harm to human life or property."

Online rentals are another area where scammers thrive. "It is very common for scammers to lift photos and descriptions of houses for sale, mark down the rent as ridiculously cheap, then insist on getting the deposit sent via Western Union or other untraceable means; when it comes time to pick up your keys, the money is gone and there was no rental for you to move into, to begin with,” the redditor explained how schemes like this work.